Internet Redlining
Neha, Aidan, and David
11/13/2022
library(knitr)
Overview
This is a brief report regarding internet redlining for interent services provided by AT&T specifically based on data from a study conducted by The MarkUp. This report explores relationships between different socio-economic disparities such as race and household income with speed and price of internet services. (source). The data reveals that the maximum download speed provided by AT&T was
## [1] 2000, while the maximum upload speed provided by AT&T was
## [1] 2000. The lowest speed of internet service provided in non-white areas by AT&T was
## location
## 1 Huntsville city, huntsville, AL
## 2 Little Rock city, little rock, AR
## 3 Los Angeles city, los angeles, CA
## 4 Jacksonville city, jacksonville, FL
## 5 Atlanta city, atlanta, GA
## 6 Chicago city, chicago, IL
## 7 Indianapolis city (balance), indianapolis, IN
## 8 Wichita city, wichita, KS
## 9 Louisville city, louisville, KY
## 10 New Orleans city, new orleans, LA
## 11 Detroit city, detroit, MI
## 12 Kansas City city, kansas city, MO
## 13 Jackson city, jackson, MS
## 14 Charlotte city, charlotte, NC
## 15 Columbus city, columbus, OH
## 16 Oklahoma City city, oklahoma city, OK
## 17 Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), nashville, TN
## 18 Houston city, houston, TX
## 19 Milwaukee city, milwaukee, WI
## race_perc_non_white speed
## 1 1 0
## 2 1 0
## 3 1 0
## 4 1 0
## 5 1 0
## 6 1 0
## 7 1 0
## 8 1 0
## 9 1 0
## 10 1 0
## 11 1 0
## 12 1 0
## 13 1 0
## 14 1 0
## 15 1 0
## 16 1 0
## 17 1 0
## 18 1 0
## 19 1 0. Here are the locations which experienced the lowest internet redlining by AT&T
## location
## 1 Huntsville city, huntsville, AL
## 2 Little Rock city, little rock, AR
## 3 Los Angeles city, los angeles, CA
## 4 Jacksonville city, jacksonville, FL
## 5 Atlanta city, atlanta, GA
## 6 Chicago city, chicago, IL
## 7 Indianapolis city (balance), indianapolis, IN
## 8 Wichita city, wichita, KS
## 9 Louisville city, louisville, KY
## 10 New Orleans city, new orleans, LA
## 11 Detroit city, detroit, MI
## 12 Kansas City city, kansas city, MO
## 13 Jackson city, jackson, MS
## 14 Charlotte city, charlotte, NC
## 15 Columbus city, columbus, OH
## 16 Oklahoma City city, oklahoma city, OK
## 17 Charleston city, charleston, SC
## 18 Nashville-Davidson metropolitan government (balance), nashville, TN
## 19 Houston city, houston, TX
## 20 Milwaukee city, milwaukee, WI- Please see Canvas for more details.
Data_summary_in_nation
Here is the mean data of AT&T group by state.
## # A tibble: 20 × 7
## state location faste…¹ faste…² race_…³ ppl_p…⁴ media…⁵
## <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 AL Huntsville city, huntsville, AL 2675. 107. 0.405 828. 63650.
## 2 AR Little Rock city, little rock,… 1686. 92.2 0.514 1086. 65856.
## 3 CA Los Angeles city, los angeles,… 582. 54.4 0.734 8252. 69185.
## 4 FL Jacksonville city, jacksonvill… 1416. 81.2 0.472 1135. 62096.
## 5 GA Atlanta city, atlanta, GA 2260. 102. 0.617 2010. 75289.
## 6 IL Chicago city, chicago, IL 390. 46.9 0.667 8001. 64104.
## 7 IN Indianapolis city (balance), i… 1358. 82.7 0.478 1705. 47519.
## 8 KS Wichita city, wichita, KS 1633. 87.8 0.359 1293. 62105.
## 9 KY Louisville city, louisville, KY 1742. 93.6 0.410 2262. 47823.
## 10 LA New Orleans city, new orleans,… 774. 47.1 0.660 3022. 51862.
## 11 MI Detroit city, detroit, MI 251. 50.4 0.904 2574. 34732.
## 12 MO Kansas City city, kansas city,… 275. 52.3 0.454 1439. 62957.
## 13 MS Jackson city, jackson, MS 517. 58.3 0.837 1196. 45736.
## 14 NC Charlotte city, charlotte, NC 2068. 95.8 0.562 1359. 75860.
## 15 OH Columbus city, columbus, OH 706. 67.5 0.444 2465. 56422.
## 16 OK Oklahoma City city, oklahoma c… 1522. 84.1 0.487 NA 58531.
## 17 SC Charleston city, charleston, SC 1025. 70.2 0.285 1281. 77062.
## 18 TN Nashville-Davidson metropolita… 2846. 120. 0.427 1350. 66359.
## 19 TX Houston city, houston, TX 1109. 77.4 0.742 2600. 68205.
## 20 WI Milwaukee city, milwaukee, WI 1449. 83.9 0.640 3920. 44598.
## # … with abbreviated variable names ¹fastest_speed_down, ²fastest_speed_price,
## # ³race_perc_non_white, ⁴ppl_per_sq_mile, ⁵median_household_incomeThe data of mean Internet record on national level. The data is categorize by state.It includes the race percentage and redlining grade in contrast to Internet speed which present the economic imbalance in different regions. This chart implies the inequality treatment and economic gap in different regions.
Type of internet most often used
This pie chart shows the distributions of the different kinds of internet most used: Copper, Fiber, Fiber Based, Not Fiber.
This chart shows the distribution of the types of internet used across America. In the future, we will have this data be able to be segmented by state, so users can choose a state that they want to inspect.
(The graph will not show up since our CSV data cannot be read. We will ask about that issue in section)
Internet speed for each provider
Here’s a barchart showing the up and download speed:
This chart is a bar chart that, based on who the provider is, shows the average upload and download speed across all the data we have. This chart is also interactive, when you hover over each column, you can see the exact upload and download speed. This chart allows users to see which Internet Service Providers (ISPs) have the fastest average internet.
Internet speed distributions based on redlining
To visually identify disparities in internet speeds by redlining level, here is a choropleth math that visualizes the percentage point difference of lower income areas with slower internet speeds:
This data visualization includes a choropleth map that displays the
percentage point difference of lower income areas across the country
with slower internet speeds. This chart allows users to visualize the
overall impacts of internet redlining across the country through a scale
of redlining grades represented by varying shades of blue. A lighter
shade of blue represents less internet redlining, whereas a darker shade
represents a higher level of internet redlining and grey represents
areas where the data was “NA”.